References: Mind & psyche pathways

The key studies and reviews behind these pathways – organised by page, so you can see exactly what each claim on the site is based on.

Beck, A.T. (1976). Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. International Universities Press. Beck’s own foundational text, describing the automatic negative thoughts this page traces CBT’s origins to.
Ellis, A. (1962). Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy. Lyle Stuart. Ellis’s founding text on challenging irrational beliefs, the other root this page traces CBT back to.
Hofmann, S.G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I.J.J., Sawyer, A.T. & Fang, A. (2012). “The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-analyses.” Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427–440. A comprehensive review across hundreds of meta-analyses, the main evidence behind this page’s claim that CBT is the best-supported treatment for anxiety disorders and depression.

Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D. & Wilson, K.G. (1999). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: An Experiential Approach to Behavior Change. Guilford Press. The founding text behind ACT, from the psychologist who developed it, described on this page as the “third wave” departure from classic CBT.
A-Tjak, J.G.L., Davis, M.L., Morina, N., Powers, M.B., Smits, J.A.J. & Emmelkamp, P.M.G. (2015). “A Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Clinically Relevant Mental and Physical Health Problems.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(1), 30–36. The main evidence behind this page’s claim that ACT is well-supported for anxiety, depression, chronic pain and stress.
Öst, L.G. (2014). “The efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.” Behaviour Research and Therapy, 61, 105–121. The source behind this page’s caveat that some researchers argue ACT’s results aren’t clearly better than standard CBT, despite its different philosophy.

Pennebaker, J.W. & Beall, S.K. (1986). “Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(3), 274–281. The original expressive writing study this page traces the method back to.
Frattaroli, J. (2006). “Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis.” Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 823–865. A large meta-analysis supporting this page’s claim that Pennebaker’s results have been replicated many times since, including improvements in mood and physical health markers.
Emmons, R.A. & McCullough, M.E. (2003). “Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. The main evidence behind this page’s note that gratitude journalling has decent, if more modest, evidence behind it.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B.E. & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). “Rethinking Rumination.” Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424. The evidence behind this page’s warning that unstructured venting can deepen rather than ease a difficult feeling.